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Animal husbandry, also called animal science, stockbreeding or simple husbandry, is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock. It has been practiced for thousands of years, since the first domestication of animals.

Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of a Breeder developing a cultivated breed over time, and selecting qualities within individuals of the breed that will be best to pass on to the next generation. The term is synonymous with "Artificial selection". Breeding techniques such as inbreeding, line-breeding and out-crossing are utilized by breeders in the maintenance and improvement of their chosen breeds. Charles Darwin discussed how selective breeding had been successful in producing change over time in his book, Origin of Species.

The science of animal husbandry is taught in many universities and colleges around the world.